Bulk and Paper Uniformity

Quality management techniques have stressed the importance of controlling product consistency. This change in emphasis from magnitude to variability is also reflected in current technical issues. In 1989 PIRA launched a research project to investigate the effects of variability on product performance. Uniformity was examined from macro (MD drifts, CD profiles) to micro variability (formation, smoothness, and mottle). This paper deals with the technique used to categorize micro scale non-uniformity and techniques to investigate their relationships. In 1989 PIRA launched a research project to investigate the effects of variability on product performance. Uniformity was examined from macro (MD drifts, CD profiles) to micro variability (formation, smoothness, and mottle). This paper deals with the technique used to categorize micro scale non-uniformity and techniques to investigate their relationships. Particular attention is focused on the use of image analysis as a tool to monitor paper and print properties. The potential for use as off on-line sensors is examined.