On March 11, 2021, President Biden signed H.R. 1319, the American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) passed by Congress one day earlier, into law. ARPA is the sixth major COVID-19 response legislation to become law since the spring of 2020. The Act is notable in that it passed Congress without any support from Senate and House Republican lawmakers, who serve in the minority party in both chambers. It also clocks in as one of the most expensive government spending bills in history with a price tag of $1.9 trillion. The total cost of all major COVID-19 laws to date is $5.5 trillion. To put that in …